Basic Types of joints
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| Basic Types of joints |
There are only five basic types of joints in welding, the most common weld joints will be described in terms of their uses, advantages and disadvantages, joint preparation, and economy.
Four weld types
It is important to understand the four basic weld types. They
are bead (surface) weld, fillet weld, groove weld, and plug (slot) weld. All
four are shown in
• Bead welds These welds, also called surface welds, weld
single-pass deposits of metal, as illustrated in bead welds, are used to
fabricate metal pads and replace metal on poor surfaces.
• Fillet weld in weld consists of one or more beads deposited
at right angles formed by two plates,
They are used for lap joints and T joints. Fillet welds take
up a triangular cross-section due to the space placed at the weld joint. The
weld symbol used for fillet welds takes on the same triangular shape as the
weld, so it can be easily identified. Open corner joints are also welded with
fillet welds. It is important to understand the terminology applied to fillet
welds. The different parts of a fillet weld. an important aspect,
A weld has its profile. The weld face can be convex,
concave, or flat. This aspect is important when determining
the size of fillet welds, which will be covered later.
in this chapter.
• Groove welds These welds consist of one or more beads
that are deposited into a groove, groove welds are used for butt joints. The
butt joint may be left unprepared with square edges, or it may be prepared with
a bevel or J-groove. If the two members are beveled or J-grooved when brought
together, they take the shape of a V or U and thus these grooves are referred
to at the butt joint—that is, a V-groove or A.
U-groove butt joint. This weld applies to both plate and pipe.
• Plug welds These welds, which are similar to slot welds,
are used to fill slotted or circular holes in lap joints; if the hole, or slot,
is large, a fillet weld is created around the facing face of the joint. can go.
Figure 4-5 shows an example of a hole with a spot weld, a plug weld, and a
fillet weld in it. The plug weld may or may not completely fill the joint.
Types of weld joints
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| Types of weld joints |
Here are only five basic types of weld joints: The Corner Joint, butt joint, Edge Joint, Lap Joint, and T-Joint, the most common additions would be
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| weld joints |
Described in terms of their uses, advantages, and
disadvantages, combined preparation and economy.
Four basic weld types.
They are bead (surface) weld, fillet weld, groove weld,
and plug (slot) weld.
Welds are single-pass deposits of metal, as illustrated in
a. Bead weld is used to make metal pads
and to replace metal on worn surfaces.
• Fillet weld in weld consists of one or more beads
Deposited at right angles formed by the two plates as Fillet welds take up a triangular cross-section due to the space placed at the weld joint. weld symbol
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welds joint |
Takes on the same triangular shape used for fillet welds.
weld, so it is easily recognized. have open corner joints
Also welded with a fillet weld. it is essential to understand
The terminology is applied to a fillet weld. various parts
A fillet weld is shown in an important aspect
A weld has its profile. The weld face can be convex,
concave, or flat. This aspect is important when determining
the size of fillet welds, which will be covered later.
in this text.
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| Measurement of groove welds |
• Groove weld in weld consists of one or more
The beads are deposited in a groove, as shown in Fig. 4-2C.
Groove welds are used for butt joints. may butt joint
with square edges left unprepared, or can be prepared
With bevel or J-groove. If both the members are beveled
or J-grooved when they're brought together, they are
shaped like a V or U and thus have these grooves
Referred to on a butt joint—namely, a V-groove or a. In
form of
U-groove butt joint. This weld applies to both plate
and pipe. Figure 4-4 shows the different parts of the groove
weld
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| V-groove |
• Plug welds
These welds, which are like slots
Used to fill slotted or circular holes in welds, laps
In addition, If the
hole, or slot, is larger, a fillet weld can be made around the facing surface
of the joint. lot weld, plug weld,
And an example of a hole with a fillet weld in it. Plug The
weld may or may not completely fill the joint as shown.
weld size and
strength
weld size
When the design engineer determines the load-bearing
the capacity of the welded joint, he shall specify it
on the drawing. This is done through the use of welding
Symbols that will be covered in Chapter 30.
Groove welds A groove weld is measured and shaped by
Its depth of penetration/fusion at the joint. this size
Does not include facial or root reinforcement
Weld. Groove welds are generally referred to as partial joint penetration (PJP) welds or complete mutual penetration (CJP) welds. If a groove is not in the weld symbol
size reference, then it should be considered as CJP
Weld If the design engineer wants to get the PJP weld done,
So it will be designated on the welding symbol.
the preparation of a CJP slot at the end
of a pipe. the CJP V-groove butt joint.
The fusion words are applied to the groove.
Weld. The weld interface is the line separating the welds
Hajj. Note again that the firmness on the face or
The root is not counted as part of the weld size.
Seal welds on multiple structures, the strength of the joint
Its rivet construction can be obtained. However, to
The width of the groove weld should not exceed
an inch more than the width of the face of the conduit. it
Allows the maximum amount of fusion beyond the groove
Face 1⁄8 inches on each side of the joint. metal deposits
Face beyond the groove is a waste of time and filler metal.
This also adds to the overall heat input and increases the
resulting residual stress. Adds extra deposit cost
joint and reduces its strength.
CJP welds are typically designed to hold a maximum
Physical characteristics of the base metal. That CJP Weld
Those that meet code requirements, such as a butt joint in
piping, must have better physical properties than those used in
Make sure joints won't leak or allow moisture in
In the joint, the entire length of the continuous weld is
run
Sealing of joints. Ye weld It is called a seal weld. There
are usually single-pass welds
deposited with the root Combined, they must Be healthy, but they are not
expected to lift heavy loads. Many welders believe that high reinforcement
increases the strength of the welded joints. it is not true.
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